Thursday, August 27, 2009

http://theocmag.blogspot.com/2009/08/un-escenario-unico-y-exquisito.html
http://judleclerc.blogspot.com/2009/08/el-nino-de-las-arepas-un-ejemplo-para.html

Sunday, August 23, 2009

Mayors Office


Greetings from the Mayor

Each year, we strive to realize our vision of being recognized on a national and international level as a city of choice in which to live and work which requires an earnest and fervent pursuit of excellence. I want you to know that when we deliver services to you each day we do so with your needs, expectations and desires for a high quality of life in mind. As we aspire toward this goal, we strive to enact principles which are grounded in integrity, accountability and excellence.

2009 will undoubtedly present many challenges and as we navigate the economic uncertainty which lies ahead of us, we will continue to provide you with the high level of service you have come to expect from us. Our priority has always been and will continue to be focused on sound fiscal responsibility and accountability which will enable the City to develop a sound financial blueprint to accommodate our future growth.

On a personal note, I had the great privilege and honour of celebrating my 30th anniversary as Mayor of the City of Mississauga in 2008 which caused me to reflect on the many wonderful accomplishments we have achieved together over the years and I am most grateful for the opportunity to serve you, the citizens of Mississauga, whom I consider to be extended members of my family. I am genuinely excited about our future and I have every confidence that by working together, we will face any challenges presented before us and chart a course for the future, emerging stronger than ever.

Let us keep in mind however, that the key to any city's success is not solely based on the essential services provided to its citizens - it's the people. We can all make a positive contribution to our community by getting involved. I would encourage all of you to join one of the City's many citizen committees, volunteer your time and effort to a worthy organization or simply help someone in need. Remember that kindness is the golden chain by which society is bound together and we often underestimate the extraordinary power of kindness. By being kinder to one another we can profoundly affect not only our own quality of life but the entire well being of our community. Mississauga prides itself on its diversity and multiculturalism and fortunately, kindness is universal and understood and appreciated by all regardless of gender, religion or culture.

So let's make 2009 another year of success for the City of Mississauga.

Sincerely,


HAZEL McCALLION, C.M.
MAYOR
Hazel McCallion Rose
Mississauga’s Flower – The Hazel McCallion Rose
New Business Openings
New Business Openings
Rick Mercer visits with Mayor McCallion
Mayor McCallion and Rick Mercer
Rick Mercer Report - Mayor McCallion
Mayors Update Spring 2008
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Civic Recognition Program - Nomination Form
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Saturday, August 22, 2009

Thursday, August 20, 2009

LECTURAS POR Santiago Estrella Veloz

El santiaguero que anticipó los problemas ecológicos

Ingeniero José Luna.
Son pocos los ecologistas o interesados en la ecología de esta generación que han oído mencionar el nombre del ingeniero José Luna, que bien pudiera ser descrito como "el hombre que se le adelantó al tiempo" al pronosticar, hace 70 años y con una exactitud casi matemática, la catástrofe ecológica que hoy afecta a los dominicanos.

Conocer el legado de este hombre excepcional, siempre preocupado por los problemas ecológicos del país, es casi como haberlo conocido personalmente.

Sus "Informes y Recomendaciones para la Conservación de nuestros bosques y ríos", recopilados por el Plan Sierra de San José de las Matas en 1984, son fundamentales para todo el que desee saber las condiciones de nuestras montañas y ríos entre los años 1939 y 1962, en comparación con lo que lamentablemente son ahora.

En ese período, el ingeniero José Luna no se cansó de prever, proponer e insistir en las verdaderas y definitivas soluciones para impedir el deterioro de los suelos de la Cordillera Central, de los ríos que constituyen el potencial hídrico más notable del país y de los bosques más poblados entonces.

Sus observaciones no fueron el fruto de la improvisación, sino que se fundamentaron en el hecho de haber recorrido a pie y a lomo de mulo las principales zonas de nacimiento de los ríos más importantes que comienzan en las sierras, lo que de repente nos hace recordar las extraordinarias observaciones realizadas en similares condiciones por el botánico sueco Erick Leonard Eckman, fallecido en Santiago en 1931, ocho años antes de que Luna comenzara a escribir sus Informes.

Eckman es otro pionero al que pocas veces se le menciona al hablar sobre los recursos naturales de la República Dominicana.

El ingeniero Luna, al darse cuenta del incipiente deterioro de nuestras montañas por las acciones del hombre y la agricultura migratoria, trazó las principales líneas maestras para protegerlas. Entre ellas se puede citar la elaboración de un mapa topográfico con determinación de caminos, corrientes fluviales, etc., además de la reformulación de una Ley racional y científica para la protección de nuestras montañas.

Entre sus propuestas figura el establecimiento de un Distrito Central de Conservación de Montes y Aguas, con una superficie de 14 millones de tareas, "para la enérgica protección de los suelos de nuestras principales montañas" y la ayuda muy útil en la corrección y control de los torrentes, que dan paso a la erosión, limitando la agricultura y que es perjudicial para las represas ahora existentes.

José Luna, además, sugirió ideas para prevenir y controlar los incendios forestales, así como regular los métodos de cultivos para hacerlos más rentables a los agricultores.

Una de las preocupaciones prioritarias de ese visionario fue la necesidad de atender al hombre de la sierra, al entender que "si hay un dominicano que necesita ayuda es realmente el dominicano de nuestras montañas, no solo por él y sus necesidades, sino también por nosotros mismos, pues el destrozo que esté haciendo en la región montañosa del país, a la larga afectará nuestros medios de vida".

Luna no creía en solo detener los desmontes, ni en la conservación indefinida de los actuales bosques improductivos, sino que pensaba que había que convertir a los hombres de las montañas en seres activos, capaces de luchar con valentía por su destino y transformar esos recursos en bosques productores de maderas ricas, conservándolos al mismo tiempo, para que pudiera ser admirado por las presentes y futuras generaciones.

Es bueno que se sepa, además, que el ingeniero José Luna anticipó ideas sobre el turismo ecológico, tan en boga ahora, pero además insistió en la necesidad de que el Estado auspiciara la educación ecológica desde las escuelas.

También planteó la conveniencia del fomento de los bosques familiares, hoy llamados energéticos; los asentamientos agroforestales de familias; la reforestación intensiva en todos los órdenes; lo importante que sería asegurar al campesino el futuro aprovechamiento del bosque que plantara en beneficio propio; hacer un inventario de los bosques "para su racional fomento y aprovechamiento".

Habló José Luna de la necesidad de reorganizar totalmente la Dirección de Foresta "para transformarla en elemento dinamizador para un país totalmente deforestado", algo que todavía está pendiente en estos días de globalización.

José Luna fue preciso en recalcar una mística, ingrediente fundamental y necesario para acometer y llevar a feliz término la enorme tarea que tenemos por delante, en cuanto se refiere a enfrentar la deforestación y la muerte de nuestros ríos, con la extracción indiscriminada de arena, parcialmente controlada.

Este dominicano ilustre fue categórico al decir: "Iniciar esta empresa (enfrentar la deforestación) y enamorarse de ella con todas sus fuerzas, parece que es uno de los más altos destinos de la generación actual, siendo al mismo tiempo este esfuerzo uno de los legados más estimables que podemos hacer a las generaciones próximas'.

El ingeniero José Luna dejó los siguientes documentos: "Informe sobre un Distrito Central de Conservación de Montes y Aguas", 1939; "Informe sobre el río Yaque del Norte", de 1941; el "Informe sobre Repoblación Forestal, Plan Regional y Fomento del turismo", de 1950; y, el último, "Exposición al Ayuntamiento de Santiago", de 1962, con todas las medidas indispensables para evitar el problema de la sedimentación.

José Luna no fue un hombre que se limitó a exponer problemas o a denunciarlos, algo a los que nos tienen acostumbrados quienes critican por criticar, generalmente apasionados por la política partidaria.

Fue más lejos, pues propuso soluciones, a pesar de lo delicado que era tratar de enderezar entuertos en una dictadura como la de Trujillo.

José Luna nació en Santiago el 22 de abril de 1888 y murió el 9 de julio de 1975. Es decir, este 9 julio se cumplirá 34 años de su fallecimiento.

Su vida se caracterizó por el esfuerzo personal para lograr la superación, como lo demuestra el hecho de que después de haber desempeñado los más variados oficios, logró graduarse de ingeniero de Puentes y Caminos en la entonces Universidad de Santo Domingo, hoy autónoma.

En vista de que el 9 de julio se cumple el aniversario de su muerte, el Gobierno Central o alguna Universidad debería prepararle un homenaje nacional de recordación a este hombre fuera de serie, cuyos informes y recomendaciones incluso se anticiparon a los elaborados por técnicos de las Naciones Unidas, como quien dice en tiempos recientes.

Un homenaje al ingeniero José Luna serviría para demostrar que no nos hemos olvidado de quienes han luchado por un mejor destino de nuestros recursos naturales, hoy amenazados con desaparecer.

José Luna bien puede ser descrito como "el hombre que se le adelantó al tiempo".

El ingeniero José Luna no

se cansó de prever,

proponer e insistir en las

verdaderas y definitivas

soluciones para impedir

el deterioro de los

suelos de la Cordillera

Central, de los ríos que

constituyen el potencial

hídrico más notable del

país y de los bosques

más poblados entonces.


De Santiago Estrella Veloz

Wednesday, August 19, 2009


Botanists discover new rat-eating plant

  • Story Highlights
  • Botanists believe they have discovered one of the world's largest carnivorous plants
  • Nepenthes attenboroughii is named after nature presenter Sir David Attenborough
  • Pitcher plants can capture mice and rats and then digest them
updated 1 hour, 45 minutes ago
  • Next Article in World »
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LONDON, England (CNN) -- Botanists believe they have discovered one of the world's largest carnivorous plants in Southeast Asia.

Nepenthes northiana - the carnivorous pitcher plant prepares to tuck into a rat.

Nepenthes northiana - the carnivorous pitcher plant prepares to tuck into a rat.

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The giant pitcher plants were located on Mount Victoria in Palawan, central Philippines by a team led by UK botanist Stewart McPherson.

The second largest species, now called Nepenthes attenboroughii, has been named in honor of the UK's world-renowned natural history presenter Sir David Attenborough.

The new discovery measures up to 30 centimeters in diameter and is formed by a tendril which inflates into a large cup-shaped trap.

McPherson told CNN: "Around the mouth of the pitcher are secretions of nectar which attracts insects and small animals. The rim has lots of waxy downward-pointing ridges which help prey fall directly into the pitcher.

"The pitchers are half full of a liquid consisting of acids and enzymes which help break down its prey."

The insectivorous, sometimes carnivorous diet is crucial for the plants' survival says McPherson.

"These plants grow in really harsh areas where soil quality is very poor -- often pure gravel or sand. Catching insects allows the plant to augment nutrients that it otherwise wouldn't have access to."

McPherson along with his colleagues Alastair Robinson and Volker Heinrich have discovered more than 20 new varieties of pitcher plant in recent expeditions and have also made two rediscoveries.

One of those rediscoveries, Nepenthes deaniana, was first recorded in 1907 but was subsequently lost when the Philippine National Herbarium in Manila was bombed towards the end of World War II.

McPherson and his team believe they are the first explorers to observe the plant in the wild in over a century.

The Nepenthes deaniana produces a spectacular, football-sized, red pitchers that are large enough to catch insects and small animals.

In many of the traps, McPherson's team found giant centipedes and 10 centimeter-long spiders.

The Botanical Society of America says that there are around 600 species of pitcher plants.

Most familiar, perhaps, is the Venus Flytrap. But bigger species like the Nepenthes attenboroughii, Nepenthes northaina and the world's largest known pitcher plant, Nepenthes rajah are able to capture animals as large as rats, as can be clearly seen in the picture above.

"These plants have evolved to catch insects. But on rare occasions they do catch rats and mice. The first reports of these plants catching rats was made in the 19th century by a British explorer called Spenser St John," McPherson said.

Sunday, August 9, 2009

Inside a flight attendant's not-so-glam life

  • Story Highlights
  • Once considered glamorous, job now involves long hours, crowded planes
  • Cost-cutting measures mean fewer flight attendants taking care of more passengers
  • Flight attendants often battle hunger as airlines eliminate meals on shorter flights
  • They're not paid for one of the hardest parts of their job: the boarding process
July 30, 2009 -- Updated 1229 GMT (2029 HKT)
  • Next Article in Travel »
By A. Pawlowski
CNN
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(CNN) -- As you encounter flights that leave you frustrated, hungry and tired this summer vacation season, chances are the person who greets you with a smile when you come on board could be feeling the same way.

A flight attendant serves beverages to passengers. A duty day can last up to 14 hours on domestic routes.

A flight attendant serves beverages to passengers. A duty day can last up to 14 hours on domestic routes.

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The glamour has long faded from the job of a flight attendant, but the occupation still captures the imagination of a public fascinated by the constant travel and work above the clouds.

Still, many people know little about the realities of a flight attendant's life, changed by the September 11, 2001, terrorist attacks, the efforts of a troubled airline industry to stay afloat and the recent economic downturn.

"When my mom was a stewardess in the 1950s, they wore white gloves and they learned to serve lobster thermidor table-side," said Rene Foss, a flight attendant for 25 years and the spokeswoman for the Association of Flight Attendants.

"Instead of wearing white gloves, I'm wearing rubber gloves; and instead of learning to serve lobster thermidor, I'm learning to put handcuffs on passengers."

The chance to see the world while offering an important service still lures many men and women to the job, and the flight attendants who spoke with CNN said they enjoy what they do. But they also described work that can be draining and sometimes given little respect. Read how flight attendants deal with screaming babies, difficult passengers

Long days

Many flights are now full as airlines park planes to save money, leaving passengers spread over fewer aircraft in the system. At the same time, layoffs, furloughs and other cost-cutting measures mean fewer flight attendants taking care of more people on board. See flight attendants' biggest pet peeves »

Meanwhile, pay cuts are forcing many to work more hours to offset the difference.

"I made more money in 1998 than I make today," said Kim Kaswinkel, a flight attendant for 22 years who holds a legislative committee chair position at the Association of Flight Attendants.

Flying realities

• About 99,000 flight attendants work in the United States

• Their mean annual wage is $39,840

• The Atlanta area has the highest concentration of workers in this occupation

• Major airlines are required by law to provide flight attendants for the safety and security of the traveling public

• Flight attendants must be certified by the FAA

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics

The days can be long -- up to 14 hours of duty time on domestic routes and even longer on international trips -- and the layovers short, sometimes shorter than the workdays.

Flight attendants say they often battle hunger as airlines eliminate meals for passengers on shorter flights, which also means fewer food options for them.

"There are days, specifically domestically, you go 7, 8, 9 hours and have not gotten anything to eat because there's no food on the airplane; and when they're trying to turn these airplanes around quickly, there's no time to run off and get food," Kaswinkel said.

She carries protein bars and apples with her to help fend off hunger.

Flight attendants fly 70 to 100 hours a month, but they're only paid when a plane's engines are running, Foss said. So they receive no compensation for one of the hardest parts of their job: the boarding process.

It's now more aggravating than ever as passengers bring more carry-on bags to avoid paying fees for checked luggage, sometimes resulting in confrontations and delays when there is no space to accommodate them. Kaswinkel called the carry-on situation "out of control."

Frustrated passengers often take it out on the crew and sometimes each other. As she tries to enforce rules and resolve conflicts, Foss said she sometimes feels like a police officer, a baby sitter and a referee.

Flight attendants say they try to create a friendly atmosphere, but sometimes get little response.

"A lot of passengers complain that flight attendants don't smile, but I can't tell you how many times I've stood at the boarding door with a smile on my face greeting people and they will just ignore me," said Heather Poole, a flight attendant for 14 years who writes for the travel Web site Gadling.com.

'Cart toe'

Seniority determines many aspects of a flight attendant's life, including what routes they fly and whether they work in economy, business or first class. Surprisingly, some flight attendants consider economy easier even though they serve many more passengers. Coach usually requires only a drink service, while flight attendants in the other cabins work almost nonstop serving meals and drinks.

Shoes wear out quickly at this pace. Poole, who mostly works in business class, says she buys a new pair every three months. A particular problem is "cart toe," leather that wears out on the nose of the shoe where she pushes the brakes on the carts that hold drinks and meals.

There are many tales of strange passengers. Foss recalled waiting on the tarmac to take off from Tokyo, Japan, when a woman suddenly took off all her clothes and began running up and down the aisles. The plane had to return to the gate, where police were waiting to remove her.

Kaswinkel is amazed that people still try to smoke on planes and recalled a recent incident in which a passenger offered her $5 to not write her a warning after she caught her sneaking a cigarette in the lavatory.

Poole still remembers the passenger who removed a fire extinguisher from the plane to take as a souvenir.

With all the travel they do, you might wonder how flight attendants choose to spend their vacations. Some continue to fly even in their free time, while others cherish "staycations" or find ways to globe-trot without getting on a plane.

Poole was a frequent traveler until she got married and had a child. Now that her son is 3, she's ready to start jetting off with him on vacation.

Foss considers it a joy to sleep in the same bed for a few nights, but also likes train travel.

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Kaswinkel's ideal vacation after being away from home for 16 to 18 days a month is also staying put. But that's not fun for her family, so she does travel occasionally during her time off.

"We enjoy cruising the most because I can relax and do nothing by the pool with a frozen drink, while they go tour the destination ports of call. It's a great compromise," Kaswinkel said.

ECOLOGÍA | Investigación en Cambridge

Unos cuervos de fábula

Un grajo utilizando piedras. | Christopher Bird.

"Un cuervo tenía mucha sed, cuando de pronto vio un viejo cántaro en el fondo de un barranco". Así empieza la fábula de Esopo en la que una de estas aves utiliza piedras para subir el nivel del agua hasta poder alcanzarlo con su pico. Más de 2.000 años después, un estudio realizado por científicos de la Universidad de Cambridge confirma la veracidad de lo escrito por el fabulista.

La investigación, publicada en 'Current Biology', demuestra como los grajos, miembros de la familia de los córvidos, son capaces de resolver problemas complejos y utilizar la técnica narrada en la fábula. "Los córvidos son extremadamente inteligentes y, en muchos sentidos, rivalizan con los grandes simios en su habilidad para resolver problemas", explica Christopher Bird, investigador de la universidad británica y autor principal del trabajo. "El único otro animal conocido que completa tareas similares es el orangután".

En la primera parte del estudio, en la que los científicos variaron la altura del agua, los cuatro ejemplares de grajo usaron piedras para aumentar el nivel del líquido y alcanzar un gusano que flotaba en la superficie. Las aves se mostraron muy precisas añadiendo el número de rocas necesario para conseguir su objetivo, sin intentar alcanzar el gusano tras cada roca. Según los autores del experimento, parecían haber hecho una estimación previa y aguardar hasta el momento adecuado.

En la segunda prueba, se les presentaron rocas de diferentes tamaños. Los grajos eligieron las más grandes por delante de las pequeñas, algo que los científicos atribuyen al aprendizaje, ya que las más grandes desplazan más agua que las pequeñas y proporcionan una recompensa más rápida. Para la tercera fase, los grajos reconocieron que el serrín no podía ser manipulado como el agua, de manera que cuando se les presentaron sendos tubos, uno con serrín y otro con agua, dejaron las piedras en el que estaba lleno de líquido

A pesar de su capacidad para el manejo de herramientas, los córvidos no las utilizan en la naturaleza. "El uso de herramientas depende de la motivación, los grajos no usan herramientas en libertad porque no las necesitan, tienen acceso a otra comida", explica Bird. Esta teoría, también confirma la moralaja de la fábula esópica: La necesidad es la madre del ingenio.